Computer can control specific gene switch in yeast
According to a report by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) on November 6, Swiss scientists pointed out in the latest issue of Nature-Biotechnology that they have successfully formed a "feedback loop" between computers and S. cerevisiae. Precisely control the opening and closing of specific genes in yeast, this innovative method can accurately control biological processes such as the use of microorganisms to produce biofuels or antibodies.
The leader of the study, John Legreges, director of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Institute of Automation, said that in the latest research, the computer can control the flash to turn on and off the expression of a specific gene, so that the gene "learns "Achieve and maintain a given value. This is a relatively simple method that allows scientists to control complex biochemical processes to obtain satisfactory results. Many scientists have tried other methods before, such as coding the cell inside to make it a circuit, or putting genes into the cell, etc., but the results are not satisfactory.
Leggets and colleagues started the experiment with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is generally used as a eukaryotic model organism in modern molecular and cell biology for scientists to conduct various biological experiments. In 2002, a study found that when Saccharomyces cerevisiae is exposed to light, a molecule called photosensin in its body changes: red light leaves it in an "active state", and far red light changes it Returning to a steady state, this indicates that the activity of photosensitizers can turn the genetic mechanism that makes a given protein on or off.
The Leggets research team used the above technique to ensure that when S. cerevisiae makes a specific protein, the corresponding gene will be turned on; using a "messenger" molecule that can emit light itself during the process of emitting fluorescence can also track this yeast. Every move ". They created a control loop: when the red light is irradiated, it can track how many yeast cells are expressing the gene; the far-red light can also be used to suppress this gene expression. The research team also developed a computer model to track how long each light should last to accurately maintain a specific number of gene expressions.
Scientists say that the latest research shows that precise and subtle biological mechanisms in life can be used in many experiments, these experiments help us better understand the cell signaling mechanism. The latest research is also expected to be applied to the production of biofuels or antibodies to increase production through genetically modified technology.
In silico feedback for in vivo regulation of a gene expression circuit
Andreas Milias-Argeitis, Sean Summers, Jacob Stewart-Ornstein, Ignacio Zuleta, David Pincus, Hana El-Samad, Mustafa Khammash & John Lygeros
We show that difficulties in regulating cellular behavior with synthetic biological circuits may be circumvented using in silico feedback control. By tracking a circuits output in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in real time, we precisely control its behavior using an in silico feedback algorithm to compute regulatory inputs implemented through a genetically encoded light-responsive module. Moving control functions outside the cell should enable more sophisticated manipulation of cellular processes whenever real-time measurements of cellular variables are possible.
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