Microfluidic device predicts the severity of anemia
A new study reports that a microfluidic device that measures subtle changes in blood flow can help doctors predict the severity of sickle disease. People with sickle cell disease have a mutated form of hemoglobin, which twists red blood cells into a sickle or crescent shape that stops blood flow. Although genetic and molecular tests can easily diagnose the disease, there are few methods to determine the severity of the disease.
Patients with severe sickle cell anemia experience vascular occlusive crises, in which sickle-shaped red blood cells accumulate and block or "stuck" capillaries. Capillary capillaries can restrict blood flow to organs, causing extreme pain, organ damage, stroke and other complications. Some patients experience these events almost every month. Others have had no problems for many years.
David K. Wood and colleagues developed a microfluidic device that can reproduce occlusion events using only one blood sample, and the speed of these occlusion events in the device appears to be similar to the vascular occlusion crisis in sickle cell patients Frequency. The researchers collected blood samples from 29 patients with sickle cells, 23 of whom had serious diseases and 6 had benign diseases-and placed these samples in microfluidic devices. The device consists of 3 channel layers, an artificial capillary for blood flow, a hydration layer, and an oxygen reservoir. It can measure the decrease in blood flow velocity when blood flows through these channels and sickle cells are deoxygenated. The change in speed depends on how high the pressure that drives blood flow, and the researchers are concerned about the change in the ratio between speed and pressure, or conductivity.
This biophysical marker can help researchers more accurately distinguish between benign and severe patients than existing markers such as white blood cell counts. Although it is almost impossible to foresee the exact time of the blockage, finding high-risk individuals can help doctors decide who needs the most blood transfusion or other treatment.
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