How to Achieve the Beauty and Harsh Uniform of "Color"
2018-07-01 05:01:50
In platemaking, colors are extremely important. Accurate and repetitive reproduction of colors is fundamental to the survival of the industry. As a basic element of graphic design engineering, graphic designers use color as a tool for communication. What they are most concerned with is how to present the designed accurate proofing to customers; for prepress, from selecting and creating colors to maintaining color accuracy and security Truth, the entire production process requires extremely high reliability. The prepress equipment focuses on the interaction between the facing pages. The color change requires that the prepress professional be able to create the limited color and printing. The balance between color gamuts; in today's commercial printing, the use of dedicated, highly automated printing equipment, it has a high degree of accuracy, in high-speed printing, the concern is how to maintain color consistency and critical positioning; With the advent of the Internet era, images that have traditionally been used only for printing have entered the era of electronic media. The electronic revolution has caused changes in the printing industry and has also caused changes in the pursuit of color. However, color is important and beautiful. It has extraordinary value in the process of plate-making. However, the requirements for color in the plate-making and printing industry are harsh. Therefore, how to realize the unification of color beauty and harshness is the pursuit of the industry. One of the goals.
What is color?
Fundamentally, color does not actually exist; color exists only as a feeling of the human eye and the brain. When light strikes an object or passes through it, it is affected by the surface quality of these objects. Then it spreads through space and is occasionally "seen" by our eyes. For this phenomenon, color is actually a function of the eyes and the brain. They work together to translate light with different spectral energies into what we call the “color†phenomenon.
The color sensor in the eye is exposed to a variety of frequencies and a variety of intensity lights. These sensors react photochemically with light. In response to light, the sensor sends a “signal†to the optic nerve of the brain. In the brain, the response matrix adds together to be a reaction, that is, “this is the color.â€
What is color accuracy?
The color generation system must be able to reproduce a color and it can be copied many times without any change. The color of printed products should be precise, consistent, and repeatable.
The color fidelity is defined as the color accuracy of the specified or measured standard. In the printing industry, the standard colorants used are cyan, magenta, yellow and black. These colors are basic subtractive colors, plus black, they make color printing "craft" possible. Through the use of transparent ink and a tinting system, droplets of various sizes can be simulated, and these colors produce images that allow the human eye to see "full color."
The ability to print a color accurately and repeatedly on a medium is a measure of the repeatability of the color. People are not only concerned with the repeatability of colors printed on the same media and devices, but they also care about the repeatability and accuracy of the colors between the printers. Although one can visually inspect the results of a printing process over various periods, the human eye is generally not aware of more subtle changes that occur over time and may miss the repetitions that exist in multiple copies of an image. Sex error. However, in the routine printing industry, it is necessary to obtain the same proofing effect when repeatedly outputting the same digital file. This is the demand for color accuracy.
How to determine the color accuracy?
After we know what the color accuracy and the color accuracy of people are, we should know how to determine the color accuracy. In general, in the graphic arts industry, people prefer to use Delta-E for measurement. This is a measurement method that describes “difference†and allows relatively easy measurement and calculation of color accuracy.
What is Delta-E Measurement? In platemaking, most color measurements are made with instruments. The instrument measures the value of CIELAB (a method of plotting the color information collected by the spectrometer). The comparison between colors is done by mathematically comparing two sets of CIELAB responses and by mathematically calculating the difference between them. The value used to describe the difference is called Delta-E. Although Delta-E can be derived using arithmetic methods, it is often described as the smallest difference in color and hue that the human eye can perceive. When describing the differences in printed samples, Delta-E values ​​proved to be very effective due to the connection between Delta-E and people perceptions. In the printing industry, changes in Delta-E between 3 and 6 are generally considered acceptable.
Although the use of Delta-E measurements can be affected by the variability of the viewer, ink, and media, there are certain tolerances allowed here, and some variability in ink and paper quality can be tolerated. But there is always a certain standard. What is the standard Delta-E variability? During the printer's operation, the sampling interval for good commercial printing should not vary from more than 3 to 6 Delta-E units for the length of time it runs.
In general, the color effects in different Delta-E ranges are not the same: 1.6-3.2, viewed from a certain distance, basically do not see the difference in color, which is usually considered the same color; 3.2-6.5, The difference in color can be seen, but the color gives the impression that people are basically the same; 6.5-13, the difference in color is visible, but can be considered the same tone; 13-25, is considered different Hue that exceeds this value is considered a different color.
Based on this, older printers may experience greater changes than 3 to 6 Delta-E units, but whether this variability is accepted by the printer and the customer, it should be taken before the press starts to work. set up. When a print job goes beyond the company's variability standards, the smartest thing to do is to stop printing and try to determine the cause of the variability. When this reason is determined and corrected, the printing job can continue.
The pursuit of color accuracy can be said that the emphasis and pursuit of color accuracy is most pronounced in the plate printing industry. For a long time, in the plate-making printing industry, proofing has been highly valued by people as an important means of controlling color. Through proofing, various errors can be avoided. However, at present, people generally adopt a more traditional proofing method. In recent years, the print service market has undergone tremendous changes. The increase in work orders on the market, the reduction in the number of prints per order, and the reduction in the time required for printing have caused the traditional proofing methods to face more severe challenges. Traditional lengthy proofing processes such as film making and printing are difficult to adapt to the ever-increasing demand for modern printing. Manual operation and chemical proofing are not only time-consuming and expensive, but also the printing colors are in an unstable state. The actual printing and printing Colors often have large in and out. It can be said that the traditional proofing can no longer meet people's requirements for precise color accuracy. How to achieve better, faster and more convenient proofing, and how to make the color more perfect in proofing, is the long-term pursuit of the plate printing industry practitioners.
With the advancement of human society and economic development, people are using more and more various types of image prints. The most important factor in image products, color, is even more valued by users and designers. In particular, those personal image designers, magazine companies, various types of advertising companies, and prepress companies have more stringent requirements for color. In the process of designing and producing the image product, mentioning the proofing, in the impression of the people, seems to refer only to the proofing of the pattern before printing (contract proofing). Although the contract proofing plays an important role in the design and production of the entire color image product, it is not the only proofing required in the entire process. In fact, the design and production process of image products is composed of users, designers, platemaking centers and printing plants. In the entire design and production process, there are two kinds of proofs that are indispensable, namely design proofing for designers and platemaking printing for the platemaking center (contract proofing).
The most important part of an image product is color. Designers mainly rely on color to express their unique ideas on the final image product. Even if the designer has a good design idea, but if it can not be fully and accurately shown in the final product, then this design still can not be recognized by the user, and then even affect the user's trust in the designer, and follow-up business . For designers, they need to design proofing to help them design, not only for designers to communicate and communicate with each other, but more importantly to present their various design ideas to the user in a true and complete manner, and to the later stage. The printing production provides a reference. Therefore, they designed the proofing to complete the inspection of the color and text content, as well as improve the bidding effect of the design project. At present, due to price factors, designers generally use A3 format inkjet printers for general office proofing. However, due to the limitation of the performance of ordinary inkjet printers, designers can only use it to complete the inspection of the text content, and the inspection of the color printing effect cannot be achieved. This will inevitably bring about various inevitable problems such as the increase of design cycle, increase of production costs, and lack of ideal bid effects.
Pattern proofing is an important process in the front-end printing process. It is provided by the plate making center to the designers and users. It is a powerful means of controlling the quality of the printed matter (mainly the color quality) and is used to check the quality of the plate making film. A means for the user to confirm, sign the use (that is, the contract signing). However, because traditional proofing has the disadvantages of unstable quality, high revision cost, long cycle, large investment, and unsuitability for the development of new printing technologies, the plate printing industry is constantly looking for new proofing methods to replace traditional proofing.
The change of the proofing mode can not reach people's requirements for color proofing because of the output effect of the ordinary A3 format office inkjet printer used by designers. However, traditional offset printing and proofing methods also have many problems that cannot be overcome. Therefore, people have always been committed to discovering new proofing methods to improve the overall design, plate making, and printing production processes. For decades, people have found a number of different proofing methods (for example, laser proofing using optical or chemical proofing, Overlay proofing), but all due to some insurmountable reasons (such as: expensive, still in the first film / after Proofing, etc., cannot replace the offset plate proofing, making it more difficult to get into the designer's line of sight.
In recent years, with the development of technology, the plate printing industry has undergone revolutionary changes. The investment in plate making and high-performance printing technology has changed the printer. Computer-to-plate technology has been developed at an alarming rate, opening up a whole new market for digital proofing technology. Therefore, a new proofing method has entered the field of vision - digital proofing using inkjet printing technology. These digital proofing systems are rapidly supplemented by inkjet technology and in many cases can replace older systems. With the development of inkjet printing technology, it is increasingly recognized by people.
Compared with the traditional proofing method, digital proofing has unparalleled advantages: Digital proofing system generally uses 6-color ink system and precise droplet control technology (such as: HP's color layering technology), and its color space is larger than the proofing of printing. Color space, the color effect can completely imitate the traditional proofing color effect, to meet the user's requirements for color proofing; digital proofing quality is stable, work in an ordinary office environment, not affected by human factors; its low modification costs, fast cycle; Small investment, small footprint, and adaptability to the development of new printing technologies are all prerequisites for implementing a digital proofing system.
With the above requirements, the digital proofing system must have a corresponding color management system (professional proofing software) in order to meet people's requirements for proofing equipment. Because different devices deal with different colors, the color space of each device is different. Therefore, color mismatch is inevitable. Ideally, color should maintain color stability and predictability throughout the design and printing process. However, this requirement for color stability and predictability cannot be achieved naturally, and the color management system (CMS) can overcome this problem and help people achieve the desired color stability and predictability. CMS workflow
What is color?
Fundamentally, color does not actually exist; color exists only as a feeling of the human eye and the brain. When light strikes an object or passes through it, it is affected by the surface quality of these objects. Then it spreads through space and is occasionally "seen" by our eyes. For this phenomenon, color is actually a function of the eyes and the brain. They work together to translate light with different spectral energies into what we call the “color†phenomenon.
The color sensor in the eye is exposed to a variety of frequencies and a variety of intensity lights. These sensors react photochemically with light. In response to light, the sensor sends a “signal†to the optic nerve of the brain. In the brain, the response matrix adds together to be a reaction, that is, “this is the color.â€
What is color accuracy?
The color generation system must be able to reproduce a color and it can be copied many times without any change. The color of printed products should be precise, consistent, and repeatable.
The color fidelity is defined as the color accuracy of the specified or measured standard. In the printing industry, the standard colorants used are cyan, magenta, yellow and black. These colors are basic subtractive colors, plus black, they make color printing "craft" possible. Through the use of transparent ink and a tinting system, droplets of various sizes can be simulated, and these colors produce images that allow the human eye to see "full color."
The ability to print a color accurately and repeatedly on a medium is a measure of the repeatability of the color. People are not only concerned with the repeatability of colors printed on the same media and devices, but they also care about the repeatability and accuracy of the colors between the printers. Although one can visually inspect the results of a printing process over various periods, the human eye is generally not aware of more subtle changes that occur over time and may miss the repetitions that exist in multiple copies of an image. Sex error. However, in the routine printing industry, it is necessary to obtain the same proofing effect when repeatedly outputting the same digital file. This is the demand for color accuracy.
How to determine the color accuracy?
After we know what the color accuracy and the color accuracy of people are, we should know how to determine the color accuracy. In general, in the graphic arts industry, people prefer to use Delta-E for measurement. This is a measurement method that describes “difference†and allows relatively easy measurement and calculation of color accuracy.
What is Delta-E Measurement? In platemaking, most color measurements are made with instruments. The instrument measures the value of CIELAB (a method of plotting the color information collected by the spectrometer). The comparison between colors is done by mathematically comparing two sets of CIELAB responses and by mathematically calculating the difference between them. The value used to describe the difference is called Delta-E. Although Delta-E can be derived using arithmetic methods, it is often described as the smallest difference in color and hue that the human eye can perceive. When describing the differences in printed samples, Delta-E values ​​proved to be very effective due to the connection between Delta-E and people perceptions. In the printing industry, changes in Delta-E between 3 and 6 are generally considered acceptable.
Although the use of Delta-E measurements can be affected by the variability of the viewer, ink, and media, there are certain tolerances allowed here, and some variability in ink and paper quality can be tolerated. But there is always a certain standard. What is the standard Delta-E variability? During the printer's operation, the sampling interval for good commercial printing should not vary from more than 3 to 6 Delta-E units for the length of time it runs.
In general, the color effects in different Delta-E ranges are not the same: 1.6-3.2, viewed from a certain distance, basically do not see the difference in color, which is usually considered the same color; 3.2-6.5, The difference in color can be seen, but the color gives the impression that people are basically the same; 6.5-13, the difference in color is visible, but can be considered the same tone; 13-25, is considered different Hue that exceeds this value is considered a different color.
Based on this, older printers may experience greater changes than 3 to 6 Delta-E units, but whether this variability is accepted by the printer and the customer, it should be taken before the press starts to work. set up. When a print job goes beyond the company's variability standards, the smartest thing to do is to stop printing and try to determine the cause of the variability. When this reason is determined and corrected, the printing job can continue.
The pursuit of color accuracy can be said that the emphasis and pursuit of color accuracy is most pronounced in the plate printing industry. For a long time, in the plate-making printing industry, proofing has been highly valued by people as an important means of controlling color. Through proofing, various errors can be avoided. However, at present, people generally adopt a more traditional proofing method. In recent years, the print service market has undergone tremendous changes. The increase in work orders on the market, the reduction in the number of prints per order, and the reduction in the time required for printing have caused the traditional proofing methods to face more severe challenges. Traditional lengthy proofing processes such as film making and printing are difficult to adapt to the ever-increasing demand for modern printing. Manual operation and chemical proofing are not only time-consuming and expensive, but also the printing colors are in an unstable state. The actual printing and printing Colors often have large in and out. It can be said that the traditional proofing can no longer meet people's requirements for precise color accuracy. How to achieve better, faster and more convenient proofing, and how to make the color more perfect in proofing, is the long-term pursuit of the plate printing industry practitioners.
With the advancement of human society and economic development, people are using more and more various types of image prints. The most important factor in image products, color, is even more valued by users and designers. In particular, those personal image designers, magazine companies, various types of advertising companies, and prepress companies have more stringent requirements for color. In the process of designing and producing the image product, mentioning the proofing, in the impression of the people, seems to refer only to the proofing of the pattern before printing (contract proofing). Although the contract proofing plays an important role in the design and production of the entire color image product, it is not the only proofing required in the entire process. In fact, the design and production process of image products is composed of users, designers, platemaking centers and printing plants. In the entire design and production process, there are two kinds of proofs that are indispensable, namely design proofing for designers and platemaking printing for the platemaking center (contract proofing).
The most important part of an image product is color. Designers mainly rely on color to express their unique ideas on the final image product. Even if the designer has a good design idea, but if it can not be fully and accurately shown in the final product, then this design still can not be recognized by the user, and then even affect the user's trust in the designer, and follow-up business . For designers, they need to design proofing to help them design, not only for designers to communicate and communicate with each other, but more importantly to present their various design ideas to the user in a true and complete manner, and to the later stage. The printing production provides a reference. Therefore, they designed the proofing to complete the inspection of the color and text content, as well as improve the bidding effect of the design project. At present, due to price factors, designers generally use A3 format inkjet printers for general office proofing. However, due to the limitation of the performance of ordinary inkjet printers, designers can only use it to complete the inspection of the text content, and the inspection of the color printing effect cannot be achieved. This will inevitably bring about various inevitable problems such as the increase of design cycle, increase of production costs, and lack of ideal bid effects.
Pattern proofing is an important process in the front-end printing process. It is provided by the plate making center to the designers and users. It is a powerful means of controlling the quality of the printed matter (mainly the color quality) and is used to check the quality of the plate making film. A means for the user to confirm, sign the use (that is, the contract signing). However, because traditional proofing has the disadvantages of unstable quality, high revision cost, long cycle, large investment, and unsuitability for the development of new printing technologies, the plate printing industry is constantly looking for new proofing methods to replace traditional proofing.
The change of the proofing mode can not reach people's requirements for color proofing because of the output effect of the ordinary A3 format office inkjet printer used by designers. However, traditional offset printing and proofing methods also have many problems that cannot be overcome. Therefore, people have always been committed to discovering new proofing methods to improve the overall design, plate making, and printing production processes. For decades, people have found a number of different proofing methods (for example, laser proofing using optical or chemical proofing, Overlay proofing), but all due to some insurmountable reasons (such as: expensive, still in the first film / after Proofing, etc., cannot replace the offset plate proofing, making it more difficult to get into the designer's line of sight.
In recent years, with the development of technology, the plate printing industry has undergone revolutionary changes. The investment in plate making and high-performance printing technology has changed the printer. Computer-to-plate technology has been developed at an alarming rate, opening up a whole new market for digital proofing technology. Therefore, a new proofing method has entered the field of vision - digital proofing using inkjet printing technology. These digital proofing systems are rapidly supplemented by inkjet technology and in many cases can replace older systems. With the development of inkjet printing technology, it is increasingly recognized by people.
Compared with the traditional proofing method, digital proofing has unparalleled advantages: Digital proofing system generally uses 6-color ink system and precise droplet control technology (such as: HP's color layering technology), and its color space is larger than the proofing of printing. Color space, the color effect can completely imitate the traditional proofing color effect, to meet the user's requirements for color proofing; digital proofing quality is stable, work in an ordinary office environment, not affected by human factors; its low modification costs, fast cycle; Small investment, small footprint, and adaptability to the development of new printing technologies are all prerequisites for implementing a digital proofing system.
With the above requirements, the digital proofing system must have a corresponding color management system (professional proofing software) in order to meet people's requirements for proofing equipment. Because different devices deal with different colors, the color space of each device is different. Therefore, color mismatch is inevitable. Ideally, color should maintain color stability and predictability throughout the design and printing process. However, this requirement for color stability and predictability cannot be achieved naturally, and the color management system (CMS) can overcome this problem and help people achieve the desired color stability and predictability. CMS workflow
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