The principle of artificial precipitation and the way of operation

With the rapid advancement of technology, traditional rainfall regulation methods have become insufficient to meet the demands of modern experiments. In many of our projects, we continuously identify challenges and push for technological innovation. The development of fully automatic artificial rainfall simulators has seen significant progress, allowing our company to successfully design and implement advanced systems. In 2009, during the project at the Shenzhen Water and Soil Demonstration and Technology Park, we encountered issues with the stability and accuracy of rainfall simulation. Relying solely on electronic flow control valves made it difficult to maintain consistent rain intensity, leading to frequent adjustments. Additionally, the tipping bucket rain gauge had inherent errors that exacerbated inaccuracies during the process. This was a widespread issue in the industry. To address these problems, we introduced frequency converters and flow meters in subsequent designs. This upgrade significantly improved the system's control speed and precision, reducing adjustment time from 70 seconds to just 30 seconds using a dual closed-loop control system. The system was later successfully tested at Tsinghua University and Wuhan University of Technology, proving its reliability and effectiveness. The automatic rainfall simulator system uses a shielded water pump, ensuring low noise operation, long service life, and high reliability. The integration of frequency converters allows precise control of water output, improving accuracy and stability. For rainfall nozzles, we use specialized devices from SPAYING SYSTEMS CO, such as the FULLJET rotary nozzles in three different sizes (FULLJET 1/8, 2/8, 3/8). These nozzles simulate natural rainfall patterns, enabling continuous adjustment of rain intensity while maintaining uniformity and realistic droplet shapes. The nozzle layout is designed with a cross-over structure to ensure even distribution and compensation between spray zones. The pipeline system is constructed using high-quality PPR-lined stainless steel pipes, which extend the lifespan of the system up to 50 years. Connections are made using PPR stainless steel fittings to prevent rust and ensure durability in humid environments. The frame of the system is customized based on the specific site conditions, ensuring flexibility and adaptability. An indoor LED display provides real-time information, including countdown, current rain intensity, and average rain intensity. The system operates on DC24V power and supports RS485 communication. Our latest control system, developed using ARM technology, eliminates the need for manual or single-loop control. It features a dual closed-loop system that enables fast and accurate adjustments, making it the only system in China with such advanced control capabilities. The system also supports external computer connections and offers a dual backup option. The software interface is user-friendly, with reliable operations and visual data representation. It allows users to monitor rain intensity changes through graphs and access historical data for analysis. Overall, the fully automatic artificial rainfall simulator represents a major leap forward in research and environmental testing, offering precision, reliability, and versatility.

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