Causes, prevention, maintenance and repair of cracking of northern mahogany furniture
My country is located north of the Qinling Huaihe River in northern temperate monsoon climate dividing line. It is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter. The only temperate continental climate in China is the northwest region.
North and South dividing line
The dry climate in the north makes the mahogany home fragile, especially in today's multi-dwelling buildings, which are heated indoors in winter, causing the indoor climate to dry up.
Wood cracking usually has the following
1. Surface crack: refers to surface cracks. Surface cracking refers to cracks in the original wood itself or on the surface of the finished material.
2. Internal crack: internal crack. Internal cracks are also often referred to as honeycomb cracks, which occur during the late drying phase and sometimes during the storage of dry materials. It is usually not easy to find from the outside of the wood, but in severe cases, it can be judged by the depression of the surface. The internal crack is caused by the tensile stress of the inner layer of the wood.
3. End crack: end face crack. The end crack is either limited to the end face of the wood or extends to one or both sides of the end, the latter being commonly referred to as splitting.
4. Wheel Crack: This crack develops along the growth wheel and often extends to several adjacent growth wheels. The crack usually occurs at the beginning of the drying and appears on the end face of the wood. As the drying progresses, the crack deepens and lengthens. Sometimes occurs inside, but occurs in the late stage of drying due to severe internal tensile stress.
Basic crack prevention method:
1 . Mechanical method for crack prevention Method for improving the sawing of the material 3. Paint waterproof coating 4. High temperature qualitative treatment 5. Infusion treatment with water repellent
Temperature and humidity are the factors that affect furniture cracking, swelling, deformation, and determinants
The wetness of the wood is shrinking and shrinking, the volume of the dried wood shrinks, and the volume of the moist wood expands. The volumetric enlargement of the wood may cause deformation and warpage of the wood. External force, gravity extrusion deformation and warpage are also the same.
Because the moisture content of the redwood is not balanced with the moisture content of the external environment. The comprehensive natural environment causes a high water content, and the wood absorbs too much external moisture, which causes the furniture to expand and warp. The moisture content of furniture is higher than the external natural environment. When the wood releases moisture to the external environment, it will cause external air resistance. The natural environment is dry and will absorb water from the interior of the mahogany. Excessively, the furniture will crack. This is a problem between the moisture content of the wood and the moisture content of the natural environment. When the moisture content of the wood is greater than the moisture content of the natural environment, the water molecules in the wood move to the atmosphere, that is, the moisture content of the wood is lower than the fiber saturation point. When it continues to dry, the volume shrinks; when the dry wood absorbs moisture, as the adsorbed water increases, the moisture content of the fiber saturation point is reached. When the moisture content of the wood is above the fiber saturation point, the volume of the wood does not change when only the free water increases or decreases. Due to the unevenness of the wood structure, the deformation and warpage of the wood may occur as the volume of the wood increases or decreases.
It is normal for the mahogany furniture to crack slightly.
As long as it is made of real wood, it is normal to have a slight crack, as is the case with mahogany furniture.
As the modern production process of wood raw materials is more and more advanced, after the process is processed, it is difficult to see the crack marks on the surface. The mahogany furniture is made up of the traditional structure of the enamel structure, and there are certainly some places where the process is not in place. As a result, there are signs of cracking in some places. The slight cracking of mahogany furniture is very normal, but if it affects the appearance and the degree of cracking is large, it is not normal, it is a process, a material problem, and so on.
How to prevent cracking of mahogany furniture?
1. Choose mahogany furniture with excellent quality, good craftsmanship and excellent materials.
This link needs to be controlled. For example, how the drying process of mahogany furniture is done, the thickness of the board, and whether the structure of the mahogany furniture is tight and firm.
2. Creation of the natural environment
Don't let mahogany furniture enter an environment that changes a lot from one environment. When the mahogany furniture is basically transported from the south to the north, severe cracking and deformation will occur, including “logs and platesâ€. This is due to the climate in the north and the south, and the temperature and humidity vary greatly. Therefore, in dry weather, it is necessary to raise goldfish, place green plants, open humidifiers, etc. indoors. In humid weather, it is necessary to put a desiccant in the room.
3. Mahogany furniture is placed
Don't cling to the wall. Because the walls are dark, there will be some wetness. If it is close to a wet wall, the wood will absorb moisture and swell, it is easy to crack and mold, and it is necessary to dehumidify frequently, usually once every two months.
Moldy furniture
4. According to the actual situation of the weather
According to the weather conditions, it is necessary to pay attention to whether to open the door or window, and the length of time. Because the north is dry all year round, the precipitation is less, the environmental humidity is relatively small, the water content is relatively low, and the winter climate is relatively dry. The window opening time is shortened as much as possible, and the humidity is appropriately increased indoors, which is also very helpful for the maintenance of wooden furniture. Many people mistakenly believe that the windows in winter are ventilated, the indoor temperature drops, and the cracks in wooden furniture naturally weaken, but the real cause of cracks in furniture comes from humidity, not temperature. In addition, the higher the air temperature, the more water is saturated, which means that the humidity in the house is higher than that in the outdoor. At this time, ventilation of the window will only exchange the cold air outside to make the room dry. The humidity control of the room is about 50%, which is beneficial to the maintenance of the furniture.
Although dry air can loosen wood, humidification requires science. Wood's unique hygroscopicity, mahogany furniture can easily change with the environment, so put it in a cool, ventilated, temperature and light place. Use a humidifier during the heating period. Pay attention to the distance between the humidifier and the furniture. The humidity of the room should not be too high.
5. Cleaning of mahogany furniture
Do not wipe with a moist rag. If the mahogany furniture absorbs water, it may crack. Moreover, it is wiped with a wet rag, and the water will mix with the dust of the mahogany furniture to form a granule-like thing. In the process of wiping, it will affect the cracks of the mahogany furniture and affect the appearance.
6. Moving mahogany furniture
When moving the mahogany furniture, avoid dragging on the ground. In this way, the æ¦«å¯ structure of the mahogany furniture is disconnected, which affects the cracking of the æ¦«å¯ structure.
Maintenance of northern mahogany furniture
1. Spring: It is the most suitable season for mahogany furniture maintenance. The use of beeswax for waxing is a maintenance method for mahogany furniture. The wax is used to fill the space in the brown eye of the wood itself, to replace a part of the water in the wood, to form a protective layer, to prevent the humidity from changing and causing a large expansion and contraction of the wood.
Walnut oil irregularly penetrates wood
It is not recommended to use walnut oil to maintain mahogany furniture. The wooden structure of a tree is subject to annual seasonal changes in growth, which will cause the wood to absorb water and have different nutrients. Therefore, some places are tightly structured and some are loose. After the oil is applied, the oil will be absorbed in a tight place, and the loose oil will absorb the oil. The overall view of the furniture is different. It is necessary to wipe the color after many years to agree to the color, and the wooden structure cannot be unified. Because the oil is greased on the wood, the density of the grease is large, and it will penetrate into the inside, thus changing the refraction of the wood to the light, making it less moisturized. Walnut oil is very permeable and can penetrate into the wood quickly, which then makes the wood crunchy, which affects the life of the furniture. But as a furniture collector, this should be rejected
In the north, spring is the most suitable season for mahogany furniture maintenance. It is the best season for furniture sizing (pasting). It can be said that how to maintain it is not excessive. In this season, the wax is waxed once. It is best before and after May 1.
Hot wax
2. Summer: The furniture must be squared. The force of the legs and feet is consistent with the direction of gravity. Do not tilt. Use the foot pads to adjust. Doors and drawers should be protected from deformation due to extrusion of clothing and the like. Avoid using a glass plate to cover the table. The summer in the north is moist and humid, prone to mold, and moisture is very important. It is a maintenance of mahogany furniture. Never use a damp cloth to clean the furniture and prevent the furniture surface from getting wet.
3. Autumn: The autumn in the north is high and refreshing. It is also the best season for mahogany furniture maintenance. The maintenance method is basically the same as that in spring. It is best to polish the wax inside and outside, preferably around October 1.
Before waxing
After waxing
4. Winter: Simply wipe the wax, especially the back of the furniture to wipe the wax. Note that the amount is small, the number of times is small, only the back and bottom of the furniture are rubbed, and the front side is not rubbed, and the moisture of the furniture is appropriately closed. Heating in the north, including home improvement with floor heating, must be humidified. Always wipe the floor with a wet mop to increase the humidity, or use a humidifier to humidify. The home improvement family laying the floor heating can wrap the four feet of the furniture legs with plastic cloth, and put a piece of absorbent sponge or foam in the plastic cloth to hydrate the furniture. This method is better than the measures of placing the fish tank or the water basin next to the furniture. The winter in the north is the driest. It can be said that it is the most jealous season of mahogany furniture. It is the most taboo season, especially nowadays it is more expensive to live in a dry room.
Keep furniture away from heat sources such as heating or hot air vents. Spring and Autumn are the best seasons for maintaining mahogany furniture in the north. For the two levels of mahogany furniture, dehumidification should be paid in summer and humidification in winter.
Redwood furniture crack repair method
First, fine crack, medium crack repair method
For fine cracking, it is possible to use clear water droplets into the crack for 7 days, using the inherent characteristics of wood shrinkage and swelling, cracks and water swelling, fine lines naturally heal within 7 days, and then polished with 1500 mesh water sandpaper, fine cloth Wipe dry and clean, then paint, preferably hot wax.
Choose a colorless and odorless environmentally friendly paint, apply it once, polish it once, and repeat it four times. The hot wax is carried out according to the waxing process. Sandalwood rosewood or scented rosewood, etc., must be repaired by the above method, that is, saving and having a sense of accomplishment after repair. For the middle crack, you can use the cockroaches to lick some wood in the interior of the mahogany. Fill the cracks into the cracks and pour in the rubber (animal skin) or the fish gelatin repeatedly (you can also use 502 glue or chemical glue). After drying naturally, First use 800 mesh water sandpaper to polish, then use 1500 mesh to 5000 mesh water sandpaper to polish the water, repeat the above method of waxing wax.
Second, the middle crack, large crack repair method
Use a saw or knife to saw or cut the wooden strip inside the mahogany, and try to fix the crack as large as possible. After the work is done slowly, apply the leather glue, pour the rubber or fish gelatin into the crack, and then gently insert the rubber strip or the fish gelatin wood strip into the crack. If there are small cracks, repeat it. 2 method. After being very dry, it is polished, painted or waxed. The repair of medium and large cracks requires skill and experience. If you are not able to repair the mahogany yourself, please ask a professional.
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