The Dilemma and Prospect of Electronic Publishing
2018-06-27 07:00:27
E-publication, as a new type of communication carrier, has experienced rapid growth despite its short time. In a sense, it is a revolution in the traditional publishing industry. The development is in full swing. The author tries to analyze the factors that may adversely affect the development prospects of electronic publications in China.
First, diagnosis of the status quo
1 Genuine powerless, pirated card
The existing electronic publishing industry structure and production pattern has obviously not been able to adapt to the rapidly developing domestic economic situation. The entire industry chain has been scattered and disorderly from the production layout, market management, topic selection planning, technology development, publishing production and distribution sales. status. Most e-publishing units are fighting each other and operating separately. They can barely maintain their own survival, and they have little ability to invest in the development of new products. The gap between the variety, quantity, and market demand of domestically-made legitimate e-publications is growing. On the contrary, the huge electronic publications market in China has shown strong demand and vitality due to the rapid growth of hardware. Therefore, most of the share of this huge market was occupied by illegal pirated electronic publications. According to statistics, in the electronic publications market in China, the market share of genuine electronic publications is generally less than 10%, and the maximum is no more than 30%.
2 The idea behind
There are many reasons for the downturn in the genuine electronic publication market and genuine electronic publishing units, such as the backwardness of the system, loose management, imperfect legal system, and non-standard markets, but the backwardness of the concept is the main reason. For example, the national electronic publishing industry has no clear unified strategic deployment, lacks macro regulation and timely structural adjustment, and electronic publishers are lagging behind the idea of ​​how modern high-tech industries develop and how they are managed; this has led to formal electronic publishing. Units have little support, local protectionism is serious, and the overall quality of managers is not high.
3 The lack of unified coordination of electronic publishing units and the obvious lack of follow-up funds
The electronic publishing industry is a highly-invested and highly-experienced industry. In the early stages of the development of electronic publications, a large amount of funds is needed, and the state has less policy support. In addition to its high-risk nature, loans are difficult, resulting in lack of funds, and most of the development It is a short-term product with low investment and quick results. As a result, the market for electronic publications led by the state's formal electronic publishing units has become empty talk. This also caused the majority of e-publishing units to develop a "seven or eight-person gun" a few years later, and it is difficult to form a climate.
4 The business philosophy is backward and market development is not valued
At present, China’s electronic publishing industry is a “Za-nuclear†structure with two small intermediate companies. Most electronic publishing units do not pay attention to market development and construction, do not pay attention to product promotion, and invest in new products, new topic development, and market development and construction. The funds are very few. Most of the funds are invested in the intermediate link of the optical disc production line and technical production. It is not only inefficient, but also extremely difficult to manage, and it is easy to understand the formation of pirated distribution centers and sales networks.
Second, prospect analysis
1 The vitality brought about by the development of information technology
The “one-night†rise of online publishing based on the convergence of digital technology and optical cable communication technology will have a strong impact on the current electronic publications. With the rapid spread of broadband networks, the transmission speed will increase by tens or even hundreds of times. Reading is more convenient, faster, more informative, and more economical to attract more readers. Online reading will become more and more people's habits. By then, the electronic publishing industry will have to quickly learn to manage this new publishing method. And integrate it into the future electronic publishing industry to achieve a higher level of development.
At present, many experts believe that the publishing industry has developed to the initial stage of providing e-books. However, the true potential of e-book publishing has not yet been demonstrated, and it is difficult to estimate what changes this will bring to the publishing industry. Some experts believe that if high-tech companies can introduce convenient, high-efficiency pocket-sized electronic readers, then e-book publishing may achieve vigorous development. This so-called e-book must have all the main features of an ordinary book, which is inexpensive and portable, and the size of the screen should be similar to that of an ordinary book page, and the eyes will not feel uncomfortable when reading. If you can put all the family's books in a small e-book, who will buy paper books?
The development of information technology has improved the visibility and popularity of electronic publications, and also increased the production costs and production difficulties of electronic publications; the core technology of electronic publications is multimedia technology. Due to the differences in the level of domestic and foreign, China's electronic publishing The industry is relatively backward in the software of peripheral equipment. In addition, professionals and foreign counterparts lack the opportunities and channels for information exchange. The technical production of electronic publications is difficult to track the world's advanced technologies. Products are often inferior to people.
2 The Challenge Brought by WTO Entry
Compared with other foreign industries, China's existing electronic publishing industry has a small scale and an unreasonable structure, which is difficult to counter. The number of employees in most electronic publishing units does not exceed 50, and the number of electronic publications in the country each year is not as large as that of a large foreign company. After joining the WTO, in the face of foreign well-known large companies, well-known brands, relying solely on our existing "handicraft workshops" to go it alone, will soon be defeated. At that time, China's electronic publication market will become a foreign country. Product Arena.
The technology is backward, the innovation ability is not strong, and the product has no market competitiveness. In general, China's existing electronic publications have a wide gap with similar foreign products in terms of variety, quality, and performance. China's electronic publications have few autonomous technologies, and there are too few special products developed independently, and they have become less commercialized and become brand names. The emergence of this situation, first, the lack of innovation in China's electronic publishing industry, and second, the impact of piracy, most electronic publishing units are reluctant to risk more research and development, and even less consider the market demand after several years.
The investment in high-tech development is insufficient. Investment is a necessary condition for the development of high-tech industries. The electronic publishing industry is a highly-invested and high-risk industry. A large amount of funds are required for the early development of electronic publications. Loans are difficult, so a serious lack of domestic electronic publishing units will be unable to cope with the strong challenges of foreign companies.
The scarcity of high-tech composite talents will be lost. After joining the WTO, due to the fact that a good mechanism for the development of high-tech industries has not yet taken shape, a large number of foreign-funded enterprises have flooded into China, forming a situation of fierce competition with China's national industry. In the fierce battle for talented people, in front of wealthy foreign bosses, many state-owned electronic publishing units will become universities for enterprises to cultivate talents. The loss of high-tech talent not only takes away high technology, but also takes away a lot of customers and relationships, forming a situation in which foreigners use Chinese people to fight against Chinese people. It will cause serious damage to the electronic publishing industry in China and even endanger us. Survival.
Third, some suggestions
1 The relevant state departments must issue relevant policies as soon as possible to clarify the strategic positioning, development route, infrastructure, policy environment, and investment strategy of China's electronic publishing industry after China's accession to the WTO. As soon as possible, brave and brave butchers are gathered together to respond to "aggression" from abroad with unity.
2 Accelerate the reform of large formal electronic publishing units. The institutional ideology is in place to adapt to market economy operations. In the electronic publishing industry, asset restructuring and structural adjustment. Through strong alliances and strong support for weaker companies, enterprises will be able to add vitality and form new operating mechanisms.
3 Increase investment and smooth the main channels of financing. In particular, attracting foreign investment and technology from the same industry, joint ventures and cooperation will take the path of common survival.
4 Increase market management, rectification, development and construction efforts. Establish standardized and independent electronic publications sales channels, sales networks and sales markets.
5 Open up the international market. Joining the WTO is also a good time for our products to enter the world. Our advantage lies in the Asian culture full of charm. People all over the world are eager to learn about China. Many overseas Chinese overseas are also obsessed with our national culture. We should take this opportunity to expand cultural exchanges with overseas countries and take a boat to the sea.
6 Build and foster a batch of brand-name companies and brand-name products. Establish a good employment mechanism, cultivate and build a group of outstanding electronic publishing talents with strong patriotism.
First, diagnosis of the status quo
1 Genuine powerless, pirated card
The existing electronic publishing industry structure and production pattern has obviously not been able to adapt to the rapidly developing domestic economic situation. The entire industry chain has been scattered and disorderly from the production layout, market management, topic selection planning, technology development, publishing production and distribution sales. status. Most e-publishing units are fighting each other and operating separately. They can barely maintain their own survival, and they have little ability to invest in the development of new products. The gap between the variety, quantity, and market demand of domestically-made legitimate e-publications is growing. On the contrary, the huge electronic publications market in China has shown strong demand and vitality due to the rapid growth of hardware. Therefore, most of the share of this huge market was occupied by illegal pirated electronic publications. According to statistics, in the electronic publications market in China, the market share of genuine electronic publications is generally less than 10%, and the maximum is no more than 30%.
2 The idea behind
There are many reasons for the downturn in the genuine electronic publication market and genuine electronic publishing units, such as the backwardness of the system, loose management, imperfect legal system, and non-standard markets, but the backwardness of the concept is the main reason. For example, the national electronic publishing industry has no clear unified strategic deployment, lacks macro regulation and timely structural adjustment, and electronic publishers are lagging behind the idea of ​​how modern high-tech industries develop and how they are managed; this has led to formal electronic publishing. Units have little support, local protectionism is serious, and the overall quality of managers is not high.
3 The lack of unified coordination of electronic publishing units and the obvious lack of follow-up funds
The electronic publishing industry is a highly-invested and highly-experienced industry. In the early stages of the development of electronic publications, a large amount of funds is needed, and the state has less policy support. In addition to its high-risk nature, loans are difficult, resulting in lack of funds, and most of the development It is a short-term product with low investment and quick results. As a result, the market for electronic publications led by the state's formal electronic publishing units has become empty talk. This also caused the majority of e-publishing units to develop a "seven or eight-person gun" a few years later, and it is difficult to form a climate.
4 The business philosophy is backward and market development is not valued
At present, China’s electronic publishing industry is a “Za-nuclear†structure with two small intermediate companies. Most electronic publishing units do not pay attention to market development and construction, do not pay attention to product promotion, and invest in new products, new topic development, and market development and construction. The funds are very few. Most of the funds are invested in the intermediate link of the optical disc production line and technical production. It is not only inefficient, but also extremely difficult to manage, and it is easy to understand the formation of pirated distribution centers and sales networks.
Second, prospect analysis
1 The vitality brought about by the development of information technology
The “one-night†rise of online publishing based on the convergence of digital technology and optical cable communication technology will have a strong impact on the current electronic publications. With the rapid spread of broadband networks, the transmission speed will increase by tens or even hundreds of times. Reading is more convenient, faster, more informative, and more economical to attract more readers. Online reading will become more and more people's habits. By then, the electronic publishing industry will have to quickly learn to manage this new publishing method. And integrate it into the future electronic publishing industry to achieve a higher level of development.
At present, many experts believe that the publishing industry has developed to the initial stage of providing e-books. However, the true potential of e-book publishing has not yet been demonstrated, and it is difficult to estimate what changes this will bring to the publishing industry. Some experts believe that if high-tech companies can introduce convenient, high-efficiency pocket-sized electronic readers, then e-book publishing may achieve vigorous development. This so-called e-book must have all the main features of an ordinary book, which is inexpensive and portable, and the size of the screen should be similar to that of an ordinary book page, and the eyes will not feel uncomfortable when reading. If you can put all the family's books in a small e-book, who will buy paper books?
The development of information technology has improved the visibility and popularity of electronic publications, and also increased the production costs and production difficulties of electronic publications; the core technology of electronic publications is multimedia technology. Due to the differences in the level of domestic and foreign, China's electronic publishing The industry is relatively backward in the software of peripheral equipment. In addition, professionals and foreign counterparts lack the opportunities and channels for information exchange. The technical production of electronic publications is difficult to track the world's advanced technologies. Products are often inferior to people.
2 The Challenge Brought by WTO Entry
Compared with other foreign industries, China's existing electronic publishing industry has a small scale and an unreasonable structure, which is difficult to counter. The number of employees in most electronic publishing units does not exceed 50, and the number of electronic publications in the country each year is not as large as that of a large foreign company. After joining the WTO, in the face of foreign well-known large companies, well-known brands, relying solely on our existing "handicraft workshops" to go it alone, will soon be defeated. At that time, China's electronic publication market will become a foreign country. Product Arena.
The technology is backward, the innovation ability is not strong, and the product has no market competitiveness. In general, China's existing electronic publications have a wide gap with similar foreign products in terms of variety, quality, and performance. China's electronic publications have few autonomous technologies, and there are too few special products developed independently, and they have become less commercialized and become brand names. The emergence of this situation, first, the lack of innovation in China's electronic publishing industry, and second, the impact of piracy, most electronic publishing units are reluctant to risk more research and development, and even less consider the market demand after several years.
The investment in high-tech development is insufficient. Investment is a necessary condition for the development of high-tech industries. The electronic publishing industry is a highly-invested and high-risk industry. A large amount of funds are required for the early development of electronic publications. Loans are difficult, so a serious lack of domestic electronic publishing units will be unable to cope with the strong challenges of foreign companies.
The scarcity of high-tech composite talents will be lost. After joining the WTO, due to the fact that a good mechanism for the development of high-tech industries has not yet taken shape, a large number of foreign-funded enterprises have flooded into China, forming a situation of fierce competition with China's national industry. In the fierce battle for talented people, in front of wealthy foreign bosses, many state-owned electronic publishing units will become universities for enterprises to cultivate talents. The loss of high-tech talent not only takes away high technology, but also takes away a lot of customers and relationships, forming a situation in which foreigners use Chinese people to fight against Chinese people. It will cause serious damage to the electronic publishing industry in China and even endanger us. Survival.
Third, some suggestions
1 The relevant state departments must issue relevant policies as soon as possible to clarify the strategic positioning, development route, infrastructure, policy environment, and investment strategy of China's electronic publishing industry after China's accession to the WTO. As soon as possible, brave and brave butchers are gathered together to respond to "aggression" from abroad with unity.
2 Accelerate the reform of large formal electronic publishing units. The institutional ideology is in place to adapt to market economy operations. In the electronic publishing industry, asset restructuring and structural adjustment. Through strong alliances and strong support for weaker companies, enterprises will be able to add vitality and form new operating mechanisms.
3 Increase investment and smooth the main channels of financing. In particular, attracting foreign investment and technology from the same industry, joint ventures and cooperation will take the path of common survival.
4 Increase market management, rectification, development and construction efforts. Establish standardized and independent electronic publications sales channels, sales networks and sales markets.
5 Open up the international market. Joining the WTO is also a good time for our products to enter the world. Our advantage lies in the Asian culture full of charm. People all over the world are eager to learn about China. Many overseas Chinese overseas are also obsessed with our national culture. We should take this opportunity to expand cultural exchanges with overseas countries and take a boat to the sea.
6 Build and foster a batch of brand-name companies and brand-name products. Establish a good employment mechanism, cultivate and build a group of outstanding electronic publishing talents with strong patriotism.
The Espresso Coffee Maker moka pot, also known as a macchinetta del caffe, is a stove-top coffee maker that produces coffee by passing boiling water pressurized by steam through ground coffee. It was patented for the first time in Italy by the inventor Luigi De Ponti for Alfonso Bialetti in 1933. Bialetti Industrie continues to produce the same model under the name "Moka Express".
The moka pot is most commonly used in Europe (especially Italy, Portugal and Spain) and in Latin America. It has become an iconic design, displayed in modern industrial art and design museums such as the Wolfsonian-FIU, Museum of Modern Art, the Cooper–Hewitt, National Design Museum, the Design Museum, and the London Science Museum. They come in different sizes, from one to eighteen 50 ml (2 imp fl oz; 2 US fl oz) servings. The original design and many current models are made from aluminium with Bakelite handles.
Espresso Coffee Maker
Espresso Coffee Machine,Stainless Steel Coffee Maker,Stove Top Espresso Maker,Espresso Pot
HOMEARTS INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTD , http://www.homeartschina.com