How Scientists Get Publications: An Empirical Study of How the Internet Replaces Paper Media (3)

Reading habits surveys show that personal discussion is the most important source of information, especially after discussing books (3.7), magazines (3.6), and conference proceedings (3.4) to understand “what's wrong and what works” (3.9) It will work better. This question did not ask the media (such as newspapers or the Internet), but many respondents have chosen "other" to indicate that they use the Internet and do not care whether the online article is a magazine article, report or book. Relatively less used are mailing lists and working group statements.

For the question "Confirm or find interesting things worth reading" (2.2), the most important are "References to Other Publications" (4.0), Use of Synthesis (3.9) or Special Topic Search Engines (3.6) and Hyperlink (3.7). The least important survey is about traditional bibliographic data (2.7) or browsing library collections (2.8) or the web without looking for a particular piece of information (2.8). This set of answers clearly shows that respondents are very interested in the immediate search for readily available materials (references in other publications) and free (network) sources of information. According to the survey, the real-time browsing just in case is more important to the professor/teacher group. Because the professor/teacher group can access the free papers more than junior researchers and students studying for Ph.D. through the Internet and links. The role of this group is to maintain a wide field of vision, which can be achieved through just-in-time browsing.

"It can be assumed that researchers in our society do not want to pay for electronic documents, nor do they want to obtain publications through paid subscription or pay-per-view mechanisms."

If interesting publications are not readily available, they are often obtained by downloading them free of charge from the author (3.9) or an organization's website (3.5) (2.3). Access to libraries or ordering through libraries is generally less important (3.1). There are certain positive correlations among the following options: "download from author's website", use of "special topic entry and search engine", "browse the web without looking for something special", "via hyperlink" , "Try out information technology tools" and "Quick access to the site" requirements. Few people contact the author in hopes of getting a copy of his work; however, if someone does so, they do not care much about whether it is paper (2.5) or digital (2.4). In fact, there is a strong correlation between the two, because some people go directly to the author when they are not sure whether they are getting paper or digital files. However, it seems that those who request digital files can find those files on the Internet somewhere. It can be assumed that researchers in our society do not want to pay for electronic documents, nor do they want to obtain publications (1.7 and 2.0) through a paid subscription or pay-per-view payment mechanism.

The simplest and most important question in this survey (2.4) is “Assessing all the reading materials you receive or come in contact with on the Internet and on paper media, and converting the reading times of the two materials into percentages. The increase is 100. "General respondents' answers are all closer to 50-50% (Internet: Media Media). However, from an age point of view, it is still somewhat different. For respondents in the construction management industry, the ratio is 65:35, and they prefer paper media reading materials. For building information technicians, the ratio is 45:55, and they tend to use the Internet. Those who regularly use the Internet do not read or subscribe to magazines because they find "the same information is basically on the Internet." They believe that "the online articles will have more readers of the same industry than print media articles." In addition, this information and electronic publishing insights have no other significant relevance.

Surprisingly, professors and teachers use the Internet more than students. The largest number of Internet users are engineers and professors who do not work in universities. The Internet seems to be the best way to go when traditional paper media publications are not yet available, difficult to obtain or require great effort to obtain, and hope to obtain clear results faster.

The readers of magazine readers and seminars The third part of this survey focused on understanding the readership of magazine readers and seminars. Fifty-five percent of respondents indicated that they did not understand the listed list of general magazines (3.1), and 70% of respondents indicated that they were unfamiliar with the list of regular seminars (3.4) listed. On average (3.2), respondents to the survey each year “looked through or read” 107 papers and participated in 2.75 seminars. Some respondents stated that they read 500, 1,000 or even 2,000 papers a year! Those who read a lot of papers were construction managers (an average of 130) and “university workers” (an average of 128). Building information technicians read fewer papers (102), especially in this field (60). In general, respondents who claimed to be "researchers" read more papers (176), even more than those read by professors (103), students, engineers (78), and managers (8). need more.

The number of seminars (3.5) that professors attend each year seems to be twice that of students (3.4:1.7). The number of construction managers going out to participate in the seminars is higher than that of those who are engaged in information technology work (3.2:2.5). Oddly enough, there is actually a strong correlation between the number of attendances and the time spent filling out the forms! This is precisely the fact that those who use the Internet more often go out less often than other colleagues.

Those who spent more than 55% of their time acquiring materials from the Internet seem to read very few articles (95). Why do people not read more articles? (3.3)? Mostly because of this: "There is simply no time to see it now" (3.9). Those who did not find this important reason often "surf the web without looking for something special" or learn a lot from books. Other important reasons for not reading more articles are subscription issues (3.6) and inappropriate topics (3.4). There must be some correlation between those who find that “there is something else in other places” and “those whose articles are too long or whose academic taste is too strong”.

Of the paper's writing respondents, 85% had written seminar papers and magazine papers (4.1) during their careers. In the last three years, they have written or co-authored 7.7 conference papers and 4.8 journal papers (4.2). This coincides with the number of meetings they have participated in in the past. The survey also showed strong correlation among those who wrote for various publications. The more people who publish articles, the more likely they are to publish their articles.

The reason for publishing an article in a magazine (4.3) is "informing others of your work and achievements" (4.2) and "honoring academic progress" (3.6). When the author decides which media to publish (4.4), the most important factor to consider is the relevant readership (4.2) and the media's certain academic status (3.9). Whether the article was published in "a small portion of approved magazines" is less important (2.9). Ironically, respondents don't really care whether journal articles are freely available to users online (of course, as readers, this is important to them, as authors are not like that). When priority is given to discovering and obtaining information, if their purpose is really to want to inform others of their work, this should be the most basic - unless, of course, those so-called "other people" are not their peers. Researcher. It can be inferred that regardless of the answers given in the questionnaire, it is important to publish in prestigious magazines, even if the readership of these magazines is sometimes not very impressive. The following views in some of the web forms can show this phenomenon:

"Unless the true motives of publication are for the preservation and dissemination of knowledge, not for the academic requirements of promotion and tenure, or for the opportunity to make a fortune from the perspective of publishers, we will still have a lot of pointless publications. Work to do..."

Another example:
“This form does not address the most significant issue for many of us. We need a media that can meet the needs of obtaining information rather than for academic achievement. There are now too many publications on Similar articles by the same author. There are too many works that mostly refer to others' papers without any original content. The value of magazines is becoming more and more doubtful."

42% of people agree or strongly agree that the review process is not conducted blindly, and 47% think that the examiners in this field perform traditional review like the newspaper review and hope that their results can be quoted, but only 22% The person thinks that the examiner's reviewing opinions are somewhat radical and novel (4.5). The respondents seem to be less enthusiastic about the quality of the review: 51% of people agree that the "examiner"'s opinion contributes greatly to the paper's improved opinion, and 43% also find that "the examiner's opinion helps them Research".

The authors estimate that the average time from the initial submission of papers to the final publication was 9.1 months (4.6) over the past three years. The first author of this paper thinks that the number of submitted papers and publications posted on the ASCE (Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering) website is generally 9.6 months (for example, there were 19 articles in 1999, excluding the website's statement Special topics submitted in that month). Most of the magazines in this survey are likely to have the same time in this area, but magazines with larger workloads require media versions in many cases. It usually takes 4.5 months to publish articles in the “Building Information Technology Electronic Magazine” because once the article has passed the review and editing stage, it is expected to be published immediately.

The reason for writing the conference paper is the same as that of the journal essay writing (4.7), but the most important thing is “to receive quick feedback, discussion, and related links in order to speak” (4.3). 76% of people think that their article “is only written when you are on vacation at the seaside”, which is not important. If the respondent truly answered this question, the venue of the meeting can be transferred to a campus or a large international airport.

There is a question in the questionnaire that asks respondents to estimate “how large the returns they get from articles published in different types of media” (4.8). This question requires the respondent to evaluate it on 10 levels. On average, the ratio between articles published in the best magazines and the most notorious conference papers is 8:3. The e-magazine gets 5 points, which is less than the scores of conference proceedings bound by pages.

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