The correct selection of silk screen is the guarantee for the production of high-quality silk screen

The materials used to make the wire mesh include cotton yarn, silk, nylon, polyester, stainless steel wire, copper wire and other metals. When making a screen printing plate, a comprehensive understanding of the screen material is needed to lay the foundation for the correct selection and production of high-quality printing plates.
1. The characteristics of silk mesh material Cotton yarn mesh: Due to the poor uniformity of the warp and weft, the mesh size is inconsistent and the shape is different; the surface smoothness of the cotton yarn is also poor, the tensile strength is very low, and the pressure resistance rate is also Very low; the quality of the printing plate made of cotton yarn screen is not ideal, the aberration is resolved, and the printing resistance is not satisfactory, so it has been rarely used.
Silk screen: The uniformity, tensile strength, and surface finish of warp and weft are higher than cotton yarn screen. The disadvantage is that the elongation is too large, it is easy to age and deteriorate, the light resistance is not good, and it is easy to become brittle when exposed to light for a long time. .
Nylon wire mesh: It is woven by a synthetic fiber-polyamide fiber. There are multiple strands and monofilaments in weaving. The thickness of the warp and weft can be processed according to different requirements. The area density of the mesh is more uniform, the wear resistance is better, and the elongation is lower than that of the silk screen. At the same time, the printing plate made of nylon screen uses less static electricity. The disadvantage is that the acid resistance is slightly worse.
Polyester screen: Also called polyester screen, it is also woven by a synthetic fiber. The thickness of the warp and weft can also be made according to the requirements. The mesh area and density are also relatively uniform. Its chemical resistance is stronger than that of nylon mesh, and its elongation is lower than that of nylon mesh. The disadvantage is that static electricity is generated during printing, and the water content is worse than nylon screen.
Metal wire mesh: refers to wire mesh braided with stainless steel wire or steel wire, and also made of electroplated nickel metal. It is characterized by high strength, good abrasion resistance, excellent chemical resistance, high surface finish, and excellent electrical conductivity. It is very easy to heat during printing and is very suitable for screen printing inks or pastes that need to be heated. The shortcoming of the metal wire mesh is that the elasticity is small. If the wire mesh has a crease, the elasticity cannot be restored, and it can only be scrapped.
In the current screen printing, nylon screen is often used as the substrate of the printing plate, but when making very precise image printing plates, polyester screen and metal screen are also often used as the substrate of the printing plate.
Second, there are many kinds of wire mesh on the market of wire mesh materials, and there are many differences in the form of weave, but in terms of the main forms of weave, there are the following types.
Corrugated braid: It is the most popular braided form. This braided form has better tensile strength and is more uniform. The disadvantage is that after the screen is pressed by the squeegee, the weft thread is easily displaced, resulting in an elongated image. Due to the unstable structure of this kind of woven silk screen, the product printing volume is not easy to be too large, and the excessive printing number will cause a large error between the front and rear printed products.
Braided braid: This type of braided screen greatly improves the printing resistance, can ensure the precision of the image, and can better avoid the movement of the weft caused by the pressure of the squeegee. The thickness of the ink layer will increase accordingly.
Half braided braid: This braided form combines the advantages of corrugated braided and braided braided forms. This screen is very suitable for printing products with large print volume but low image precision requirements.
3. Specifications of wire mesh The specifications of wire mesh are generally expressed by "mesh". Refers to how many meshes are accommodated in each inch of wire mesh length.
For each inch of wire mesh length, the greater the number of mesh holes, the smaller the hole diameter. For example, 120 mesh refers to 120 meshes in a one-inch screen; 250 mesh refers to 250 meshes in a one-inch screen. So on and so forth.
The number of meshes in each inch of wire mesh is less than 180 meshes, which can be distinguished by human eyes. If it is more than 180 meshes, it is not easy for human eyes to see the meshes.
There are also "models" for screens on the market. For example, SP56 for silk screens is a single-mesh screen with 150 meshes, and XX15 for silk screens is a double-mesh screen with 50 meshes.
The correspondence between the commonly used screen meshes and model numbers is listed as follows:
Silk single yarn screen (SP)
No. 38 = 102 mesh 40 = 107 mesh 42 = 112 mesh 45 = 121 mesh 48 = 129 mesh 50 = 134 mesh 52 = 139 mesh 54 = 144 mesh 56 = 150 mesh 58 = 156 mesh Silk double yarn screen (××)
No. 6 = 74 mesh No. 7 = 82 mesh No. 8 = 90 mesh No. 9 = 97 mesh No. 10 = 109 mesh No. 11 = 116 mesh No. 12 = 125 mesh No. 13 = 129 mesh No. 14 = 139 mesh No. 15 = 150 mesh No. 16 = 160 mesh nylon mesh 109 = 109 mesh 125 = 125 mesh 150 = 150 mesh 175 = 175 mesh 200 = 200 mesh 225 = 225 mesh 250 = 250 mesh 270 = 270 mesh 300 = 300 mesh No. 330 = 330 mesh No. 350 = 350 mesh No. 380 = 380 mesh polyester monofilament mesh No. 120 = 47 mesh No. 135 = 53 mesh No. 150 = 59 mesh No. 175 = 69 mesh No. 220 = 79 mesh 225 No. = 90 mesh No. 250 = 100 mesh No. 270 = 110 mesh No. 300 = 120 mesh No. 330 = 130 mesh No. 350 = 140 mesh In the printing process, the printing plate made of 160 mesh nylon screen often has a photosensitive film and The screen adhesion is not good enough, the printed lines are easy to become thick and have burrs, and the squeegee is also laborious when printing; the printing plate made of 250-mesh nylon screen can improve the printing accuracy and the squeegee is profitable. Labor-saving printing time and reduced burrs; the printing plate made of 360-mesh nylon screen, the photosensitive adhesive film and the screen are firmly bonded, the squeegee scraping is labor-saving, the printing accuracy is significantly improved, the lines and text edges are neat, lines and spacing It can reach 0.2 ～ 0.15mm. For half-tone four-color printing products, 80 mesh, 100 mesh, and 130 mesh screens are often used to make plates to meet the printing requirements.
4. Quality assurance of screen materials As the base material for screen printing-screen, attention should be paid to the following aspects regarding its quality:
The silk screen must have certain strength and wear resistance, ensure good stretch screen and printing requirements, and can meet the printing and recycling of large quantities of products and the silk screen version.
The wire mesh requires smooth wire, uniform mesh size, squareness, uniform density, low elongation, low shrinkage, to avoid mesh deformation or mesh clogging, and to facilitate the production of printing plates and the implementation of printing operations.
The wire mesh must have chemical resistance, strong acid resistance, alkali resistance and aging resistance. It should be reduced to a minimum by the influence of various solvents, inks, and pastes. The film is easy to scrub and the printing plate The image can be preserved so as not to be scrapped due to long-term storage which makes the printing plate brittle.
The screen must have a certain resilience. The resilience should not be too large or too small. When it is too large, it is easy to cause the edges of the image to be unclear; if it is too small, it is difficult to scrape the ink plate. Reasonable elasticity should be determined according to various factors such as image size, distance between screen frame and substrate when printing, station scheduling of ink and paste, etc.
Fifth, the choice of screen material during plate-making should be reasonably and carefully considered before selecting the screen as the printing plate. Choosing the right silk screen is the key to the quality of printing plate production and product printing. How can we choose the silk screen to make a good printing plate? Combining with the actual operation experience of our factory, we will discuss from the following aspects.
According to the design requirements of the manuscript, the size of the image, the thickness of the line, choose a mesh with different meshes. The design requirements are high, the image is small, the text is small, the lines are thin, and the smallest line width is about 0.2 mm. A screen with 250 meshes or more can be used to make the printing plate; For fine lines with a width of more than 0.3 mm, a screen with 200 mesh or less can be used to make the printing plate. It should be noted that the screen mesh is lower than 180 mesh, and the edge of the image printed by the produced plate is more obvious.
According to the thickness of the ink layer of the product to choose different mesh screen. The greater the number of screen meshes, the smaller the mesh diameter, and the less the throughput of ink or paste, and the ink layer accumulated on the printed product will appear very thin; the less mesh mesh, the larger the mesh diameter As the throughput of ink or paste is large, the accumulated ink layer on the printed product will be thickened accordingly.
According to the thickness of ink or paste, pigment particles, select different mesh screens to make the printing plate. The screen mesh number of the selected printing plate should be less than half of the pigment particles to ensure that one mesh can pass through two. The above pigment particles can guarantee high-quality printing effect.
The screen printing plate produced requires strong acid resistance. For inks and pastes that need to be heated before printing, the metal screen should be used to make the printing plate when making the screen. The printing plate made of metal screen can be electrified. Temperature to reduce the viscosity of ink or paste, easy to print. At the same time, the metal wire mesh has strong acid resistance and is convenient for washing and recycling.
There are white and yellow silk screen, nylon screen and polyester screen. When using direct plate-making and live exposure, the white silk screen is easy to cause light diffraction, which causes errors in the prepared plate and negative film (the photosensitive part of the plate is larger than the negative film), and the edge of the image is false. White screen wood should be used to make high-precision printing plates. To print high-precision printing plates, it is best to choose yellow screens to reduce the diffraction of light during exposure. The errors of the printed plates and negatives can be limited to a minimum. , To ensure the quality of the printing plate, thus avoiding the halo caused by the reflection of light on the white silk screen, resulting in image distortion and uneven edges.
Six, the advantages and disadvantages of various types of wire mesh and use effects

Name mesh / inch precision printing resistance rate economic use ratio polyester screen 70-380 generally good good 80% nylon screen 70-400 poor good generally good 16% metal screen 80-500 good good good general 3% silk screen 70-200, the general difference is 1%

In short, the silk screen is the base material for making the screen printing plate, and the screen has a very important influence on the quality of the plate making. To make an ideal printing plate, before making a screen printing plate, the performance and variable factors of the screen must be clarified and carefully selected, so that the screen printing plate made in this way can achieve the desired effect.

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