Steel barrel stamping shear production safety technology

Steel barrel stamping shear production safety technology

There are many processes in the production of steel drums, such as stamping, shearing, and bending, and the machines used are generally called stamping machines. Stamping machinery is a component of forging machinery. Common types are open or closed presses, multi-position automatic presses, die rotary presses, high-speed presses, precision blanking presses, shearing machines, shear punches. Machine, leveling machine, bending machine, etc. According to the pressure, 300T can be divided into large-scale punching machine, 100T~300T is medium-sized punching machine, and below 100T is small punching machine; according to the main structure, it can be divided into open type, closed type, single point type and double point type; The method can be divided into hydraulic type, crank type and spiral type; according to the clutch opening type, it is divided into rigid, friction type and electromagnetic type. Barrel punching and shearing equipment is a processing machine that applies pressure to a material to plastically deform or separate it to obtain barrels of various shapes. Mainly used in the production of barrel lid (top), barrel bottom, barrel mouth, sealer, cutting and other processes.

At present, the intrinsic safety of punching and shearing machinery used in the barrel industry is generally poor, especially for open-type structures. It is difficult to stop at any position by rigid clutches, and it is difficult to replenish safety protection measures; most of the stamping machines are easy to operate. The use frequency is high, the operation is easy to fatigue after repeated operation, and the error is easy; the noise of the punching and shearing machine is generally higher than 90dB, which has been listed as one of the top ten industrial noise sources; the accident frequency in punching and shearing machinery operation is higher. It is the first of the production equipment of steel drums, in which the equipment accidents (breaking) of the equipment are initiated during the workpiece handling process.

The clutch is a mechanism for moving and stopping the press punch (slider), and a rigid clutch and a disc friction clutch are widely used at present. The rigid clutch is widely used in open mechanical presses with a nominal pressure of 1000KN or less and a stroke of 200 strokes/min. The operating system of the protector should be checked for the break of the key, key handle or straight key. Whether the rod, the pin and the spring are broken; whether the electric system is stuck with the electromagnet, the adhesion of the intermediate relay, the failure of the stroke limiter, checking the brake with no break, etc., preventing the clutch from being lost due to the clutch failure Accident, rigid clutch press, the crank dead point stop angle is not more than 5o, the crank friction stop angle of the pneumatic friction press should be no more than 5o ~ 10o, the clutch action should be sensitive and reliable.

The function of the brake is to prevent the inertia of the crankshaft from rotating, so that the slider can be quickly stopped at the required position; it can also balance the weight of the slider and prevent the slider from falling. The brakes and clutches must be coordinated and interlocked, that is, the brakes are disengaged first when the power is turned on, and the clutch is slightly delayed for a while. The brake action must be sensitive and reliable. The rigid brake band must not fall off, bump and oil. The interlock or connection of the clutch and brake should be accurate and tight. It should be stable and coordinated during operation. The slider should be near the top dead center during normal shutdown. .

In the friction clutch type punching machine, it is generally necessary to install a stop button, which is used in an emergency to prevent an accident. There should be a stop button on the front and back of the large press. The stop button should protrude from other buttons or planes. The button should have a bold red mark.

The shearing machines commonly used in barrel production are mostly mechanical transmissions. Production safety requires bolts, nuts, pins and other fasteners used on important parts of the shearing machine. Strict anti-loose measures must be taken; the shearing process must be compacted and then sheared, and should have sufficient pressing force and sufficient The number of pressing feet should be flat and complete. The operation switch and handle should be installed within the convenient range of the operator. The height is 1~1.5m from the plane of the operator. To prevent the splashing of the cutting head or debris, a protective baffle or protection must be added in the danger zone. The blade of the shearing machine must be correct, firm, reliable and labor-saving when it is installed or replaced.

For the foot switch of the punching and shearing machine, the exposed part should have the upper and the two anti-slip protective covers. It is forbidden to use the unshielded switch, but it can be installed on the workbench (no object impact). The guard has sufficient strength, and the entire length of the pedal of the shearing machine should be installed on the cover (the flap can be installed so that the foot can be inserted into the operation); the spring of the foot switch is applied with a compression spring to ensure recovery. The power cord of the switch uses a three-core rubber cable and a snake-skin tube. If there is no movement and there is a possibility that the object is twisted, the channel steel or steel pipe cover (wearing) should be used for protection. The free stroke of the foot switch is not less than 15mm, the switch housing should be connected to zero, the switch should be waterproof and moisture-proof, and the contact is sensitive and reliable.

The stamping machine shall be equipped with an effective protective cover for transmission components such as transmission gears, pulleys, flywheels, couplings, etc., which are less than 2 m from the operator's standing plane. The transmission parts that are not frequently adjusted and maintained, the protective cover can be fixed, otherwise it should be movable. For equipment with a working platform, the platform shall be based on the platform, and the exposed transmission parts with a height of less than 2 m from the base surface shall also be provided with an effective protective cover. See the mechanical foundation for the strength and commonality of the shield.

The safety device of the punching and shearing machine is to prevent the injury of the punching and shearing machine when the automatic or semi-automatic feeding and discharging device is not used. When the starting hand has not left the mold area, the die or the cutting blade or the presser foot is closed (depressed). Use an effective safety device. Safety devices that have been listed as national standards include: fixed-bar safety devices, movable fence-type safety devices, two-handed push-button type, double-handle type, light type, inductive type, flap type, push hand type and handle type safety device. There are also air curtain protection, hand push protection, automatic feeding device and so on. The common requirements of the safety device are: the body member of the safety device should have the strength and rigidity required for the function; the fastener or the positioning pin should be reliably prevented from loosening; the main electrical components such as relays and limiters of the safety device should ensure the function. Designed capacity and life; electrical control of light or inductive components, should meet the temperature, interference, dust and other requirements of the use of the environment to ensure that the work is sensitive and reliable; electrical control should have an indication signal or sign at the beginning; on the safety device The selection switch shall adopt the key conversion method; the design, manufacture, inspection and use of various safety devices shall comply with the relevant technical requirements or standards, and the self-made ones shall be installed and used after repeated tests.

For some small stamping machine tools, when it is inconvenient to install a suitable safety device, it is possible to use a hand-held special tool that is labor-intensive and easy to use and flexible to realize the operation outside the mold. Special tools include pliers, tweezers, hooks, electromagnetic or permanent magnet suction cups (suction clamps), which is one of the current measures for the safety of stamping operations. It is required that in the process operation, the die number should be indicated on the process card and the name and number of the special tool should be equipped. When the worker operates, the tool is used for stamping according to the requirements of the process card, so that the hand does not enter the mold. When conditions permit, the special tools should be gradually changed to automatic or semi-automatic feeding and discharging mechanisms or advanced and effective safety devices, and color management of coloring classification should not be used instead of safety devices.